“Mas essa criança não tem perfil de abrigo!”: problematizações sobre raça, gênero e pobreza no acolhimento institucional de crianças e adolescentes

Abstract

This paper presents as its theme the institutional reception of children and adolescents through problematics in relation to social markers of inequality, race, gender and poverty. We constituted research field from performance in a Stick of Childhood Youth and Elderly of the state capital. The daily work brought questions that led to the research, such as: why are the families that have children in institutions are mostly black, poor and with women as the only responsible figure? What are the logic of power that always have the same audience as the target of questions, interventions and vigilance regarding childcare? For such discussion we used concepts such as biopower and biopolitics, by Michel Foucault; necropolitics, by Achille Mbembe; authors who discuss racism and sexism in Brazil, such as: Lélia Gonzalez, Sueli Carneiro, Luiza Neighborhoods, Beatriz Nascimento; authors contributing to an African reading: Angela Davis and Kimberlé Crenshaw. Carla Akotirene with the problematics of intersectional perspective. Afrodescendant authors with writings on racism in Brazil, such as: Kabengele Munanga, Clovis Moura and Silvio Almeida. As well as discussion on racism and whiteness by Lia Vainer Schucman. Literature through dialogue with the works of Carolina Maria de Jesus and Conceição Evaristo is another very expensive reference to this research. Methodological support had institutional analysis, with reference of Rene Lourau and analysis of implications. Such reference enabled choose analyzers that led to understanding and restitution of structural discussions in children and adolescents rights field in Brazil. During study construction, we understand the existence of a historical process that leads certain families to precarious conditions and questioning childcare. Understand that established race relations are crucial to define a differentiation between childhoods in the country is essential. Such analyzes are important for professionals who are part of child and adolescent rights guarantee network, because an attentive look at social structure makes evaluations more careful and less individual. Actions that enable non-punitive or moralizing interventions. When professionals customize certain attended situations, they only perpetuate a policy of serving this public that keeps families and populations in precariousness, away from opportunities that can establish another social and family relationship.