Relação entre micronutrientes antioxidantes e marcadores de hemólise em adultos com doença falciforme

Abstract

Sickle cell disease is characterized by the presence of sickle cells in the blood, due to deoxygenation of hemoglobin. The effects of falcization, such as intravascular hemolysis and vaso-occlusion with ischemia-reperfusion injury, occur cyclically and trigger excessive production of reactive oxygen species. The increase of these reactive species can result in depletion of the antioxidant systems and cause oxidative imbalance intra and extracellular. In this way, it is possible to induce the instability of membranes of red blood cells, contributing to the increase of hemolysis. The main objective of the present study was to evaluate the relationship between plasma concentrations of antioxidant micronutrients (retinol, α-tocopherol, selenium and zinc) with hemolysis and inflammation indicators in individuals with sickle cell disease. The study consisted of 51 adults with sickle cell disease, who were followed up at two Reference Centers in Hematology in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Serum concentrations of vitamins were determined by high performance liquid chromatography and minerals by atomic absorption spectrometry. The markers of hemolysis by automatic analyzer, and those of inflammation by nephelometry. For the statistical analysis, multivariate linear regression models were used, using SPSS® software.Most patients presented selenium deficiency and consumption. Linear regression analysis showed that selenium is the main determinant of hemolysis among the antioxidant nutrients analyzed. Thus, data from this study suggest that the nutritional care protocols for patients with SCD should include dietary sources of selenium in order to reduce the risk of hemolysis