Análise das dinâmicas socioambientais da bacia hidrográfica do rio Piraquê - Cabuçu, Zona Oeste do município do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

The urban expansion of the city of Rio de Janeiro has categorically absorbed the neoliberal influence, mainly to adapt the urban space to the major sporting events that entered the municipal agenda, exposing it on the route of major national and international investments. The time frame for the analysis of this study is 2002, with the choice of the city as the host of the 2007 Pan American Games, extending to the last major event of the period, the 2016 Olympic Games, a period entitled as Era dos dos mega events. The central area of the city received large investments where there would be a greater tourist flow, and the peripheral areas gradually received a population increase. This dynamic is an important element for understanding the disharmonious relationship between risk areas and urban expansion in the hydrographic basin of the Piraquê-Cabuçu river, in the West Zone of the city of Rio de Janeiro. This study seeks to integrate spatial and demographic data for spatio-temporal analysis in the context of political, economic and social changes that directly interfere in the organization of spatial policies, as well as a greater occupation of areas with poor infrastructure for housing and other activities. The general objective of this research is to analyze the process of urban expansion to areas susceptible to flooding in the hydrographic basin of the Piraquê-Cabuçu River, RJ. It was necessary to understand the physical characteristics of the area, as well as the characteristics of residents and how public policies have structured the occupation and expansion of the West Zone. To monitor and measure changes, digital image processing associated with Geographic Information Systems has enabled space-time analysis that allows the identification of areas that are or will be susceptible to flooding, making occupation vulnerable, and also the identification of areas with greater likely to be occupied. From the integration and crossing of data on susceptibility and vulnerability, it appears that the high socio-environmental vulnerability covers the neighborhoods of Guaratiba and Pedra de Guaratiba.