As pautas do movimento feminista na cidade do Rio de Janeiro de 2015-2018: as possíveis escalas de abordagem

Abstract

In response to the effects of the international economic crisis and the austerity policys in several countries with the advance of the rightwing and political groups that incite conservative and misogynistic values, women started to organize themselves on a global scale and take to the streets against sexist violence, for wage equality and in defense of democratic liberties, such as the right to a free sexuality and legal, safe and free abortion. Expressions of this are the “Ni Una Menos” movements in Latin America and the strikes of women in Europe. In Brazil in 2015, the wave of demonstrations by women to protest against the bill 5069/2013, authored by the federal deputy at the time Eduardo Cunha (PMDB / RJ), and the great repercussion of campaigns against violence and harassment in the social networks that guided society, it became known as Feminist Spring. The objective of this dissertation was to analyze the articulation of the feminist movement and its agendas and the organization of the demonstrations in the city of Rio de Janeiro in the period between the Feminist Spring in 2015 and March 2018, when the second International Strike of Women took place. The conceptual basis of this study found support in geographers Joseli Silva, Rosa Ester Rossini, Linda Macdowell, Susana Maria Veleda da Silva, outlining the panorama of epistemological development and the aspects of the Feminist and Gender Geographies subfield. The feminist theory from a Marxist perspective is based on the readings of Andrea D´atri, Heleieth Saffioti and Diana Assunção. From the geographical point of view, the demonstrations took place in the urban space and the places were analyzed when choosing the route. It was found the importance of carrying out the demonstrations in the public space in front of places that represent the public power of the metropolis of Rio de Janeiro. From the identified agendas, a brief reflection was made on the scales and the possibility of the “scalar jump” with the articulation from the International Strike of Women, based on the schematic theory of scale production, elaborated by the geographer Neil Smith. One of the results observed from interviews with activists of feminist collectives is that a representative percentage of the current generation between 16 and 24 years old declares to be feminist, with social networks being considered a space for training, exchanging information and articulating virtual campaigns and acts that were expressed also in the streets. The agendas of the feminist movement were analyzed from the premise that the decisive factor in history is the production and reproduction of life, according to materialist theory, and the importance of gender study by Geography is due to the fact that geographic space is the materialization of society and all human existence is spatial