A proporcionalidade corporal nos esportes de combate: sua influência no desempenho esportivo e na realização das técnicas de combate

Abstract

Studies of anthropometry throughout history developed a universe of protocols and equations to determine the characteristics of human morphology, among these body proportionalities. A tool that when used for the evaluation of combat sports athletes with their punching, kicking, projection, among others, can provide important information that helps to improve the performance of the movement and consequently in sports performance. The objective was to determine the influence of body proportionality in combat sports and its influence on sports performance and the performance of combat techniques. In its methodology the study followed the Scandinavian format by conducting three studies to reach its conclusion, the first one, a systematic review study found that in judo the greatest concern that justifies the use of anthropometry is related to body weight control and fat percentage, the studies did not conclude which equation is more appropriate for the judo athlete, although there was a 20% preference in studies for the Whiters equation (1987). The concern to know the morphology was also an observed point since the somatotype with 40% was the instrument with the most incidence in the studies. In the second one, near-experimental study, it was observed that although anthropometric data collection is relatively easy to perform and provides a considerable picture of information, there is a need for an experienced professional to perform this evaluation and the most indicated skinfold caliper to be used to collect skinfolds is the Scientific Cescorf®, since it presented less influence on the technical error of intra and inter-evaluator measurement. The third sturdy, a pre-experimental study, an evaluation of body proportionality was performed in combat sports athletes and correlated it with combat performance. It was possible to verify that differences in body proportionality that at first went unnoticed had a considerable influence on the athlete's performance at the time of combat. As a conclusion, it was observed that body proportionality exerts a significant influence on the performance of athletes in combat and the researchers' view regarding anthropometric evaluation is restricted in most studies to identify the fat percentage of athletes, not worrying about other important information that the evaluation can provide for a better performance of athletes in competitions