Efeito agudo do exercício físico em diferentes intensidades nas respostas afetivas

Abstract

The high prevalence of underactive individuals and low adherence to exercise programs may result from a conflict between information about the benefits of exercise and perceived displeasure while exercising. This study aimed to evaluate the acute effect of different intensities of exercise on the affective responses of young adults. To this end, four studies were produced. Study 1: The objective of this study was to investigate whether the current physical activity level (sedentary, physically active and triathletes) modulates the acute affective response of different intensities of aerobic exercise. The results showed that the physically active had more pleasure and the triathletes had more displeasure during the different intensities of exercise. Study 2: The objective of this study was to investigate the affective response in young adults with and without symptoms of anxiety and depression to different exercise intensities. The group with depressive and anxious symptoms had more pleasure than the other groups um the continuous exercise in different intensities. Study 3: The objective of this study was to investigate the relationship between prefrontal cortex (PFC) oxygenation and affective response during a maximum effort exercise test. As secondary objective, it was investigated whether the level of habitual physical activity of individuals would influence affective responses and cortical activation. The greater the intensity of exercise and the current physical activity level greater the cortical activation. The right PFC was more activated throughout the exercise session. There was no difference in the perception of pleasure during exercise among the groups. Study 4: The objective of this study was to investigate the influence of cognitive performance and the focus of associative-dissociative thinking on affective responses to exercise during and different intensities of exercise. The results showed that the greater the perception of interoceptive stimuli, the less the feeling of pleasure. Cognitive performance did not influence the affective response. As expected, in all studies, the increase in exercise intensity decreased the perception of pleasure of individuals. Physically active and individuals with symptoms of anxiety and depression were those who had the highest perception of pleasure during exercise. Therefore, the intensity of exercise as well as the physical and emotional characteristics of individuals can modulate the affective responses and should be considered for prescribing exercise