A Política Externa Chinesa de Xi Jinping: a contribuição da Iniciativa do Cinturão e Rota para a inserção internacional da China na Nova Era

Abstract

This dissertation aims to analyze the relations between the Belt and Road Initiative and Chinese foreign policy under President Xi Jinping. From the theoretical perspective of neoclassical realism, whose intervening domestic variables used: the perception of the leader and the strategic culture, it is argued that the Belt and Road initiative is a major strategic project announced by Xi, which reflects, and also contributes to, the current stage of China's international economic, political and diplomatic insertion. It benefits the Asian country by exporting its productive surplus, capital, technological standard, renminbi; as well as interconnecting its territory, modernizing its infrastructure network and connecting with its neighbors. However, this Chinese projection has taken place in an increasingly challenging international environment for China, with several states seeing it as a threat. In this sense, from a comparative analysis between China's relations with a country allied to the Belt and Road (Pakistan) and with a contender (India), through the South Asia regional geopolitics analysis, it is clear a double-standard of the Chinese diplomacy, between an engaging and assertive posture, in addition to elucidating the challenges for the implementation of the Chinese project. Therefore, the Belt and Road Initiative is the Chinese foreign policy project for the 21st century.