“A marcha progressiva do ensino”: Processos de escolarização no município fluminense de Iguassú (1879-1889)

Abstract

The research developed has as object of study the process of schooling in the city of Iguassú, during the years 1879 to 1889. In the cutout proposed here, we take as source the editions of the Almanak Laemmert published between the years 1879 and 1889 that presented the "Almanak of the Provinces". The Almanak Laemmert, a yearbook owned by Brothers Heinrich and Eduard Laemmert, whose publication began in 1844 and continued until the early years of the 20th century, is a document of great importance for the study of the schooling process, since in it data from the municipalities that made up the province of Rio de Janeiro, various services and professionals were published. Among the other sources, we highlight the Jornal do Commercio, the reports of the President of the Province and the Director of Public Instruction. From these sources, we analyzed advertisements about teachers and schools, both public and private, school statistics, official data, the disclosure of the agents of the province responsible for inspecting this apparatus, as well as the networks of sociability that could be understood through the advertisements of associations/societies and their members, as well as publications of sessions of the Provincial Legislative Assembly and publications requested by individuals who sometimes preferred to remain anonymous. Thus, we aim to contribute to general historiography and education through the dissemination of sources on a territory still little explored in the academic environment - considering the existence of only one article on the municipality of Iguassú among all editions (so far) of the Brazilian Journal of Educational History (RBHE). The temporal cut-off began in 1879, because in addition to marking the last decade of the Empire, we verified initiatives in this period with the purpose of proposing reforms in public education throughout the province and not only in the Court. We finished the proposal of the chronological cut in the year 1889 in view of the change of regime that operates in the country from the proclamation of the Republic. The copies of the Almanak Laemmert and the reports of both the President of the Province and the Director of Public Instruction can be found on the websites of the Center for Research Libraries and the Hemeroteca of the National Library. The Jornal do Commercio and the other printed materials cited in this work can only be found in the Hemeroteca of the National Library.