Estudo das propriedades psicométricas e evidências de validade da Escala de Ideação Suicida Relacionada ao Trabalho (EISRT)

Abstract

The work context has strong implications for the mental and physical health of the worker, and can be both a support for their development and a source of illness. The elements of the work context that can impact the worker's life are beyond the physical, chemical and biological aspects, also involving psychosocial aspects, the so-called psychosocial factors of work, as listed by the World Health Organization (WHO) and the International Labor Organization (ILO). These factors include the interaction between organizational aspects, extra-organizational factors and workers’ individual characteristics. Thus, the present study seeks to explore, considering the breadth of psychosocial factors, the possible forms of relationship between suicide and work, through the most recurring outcome in the face of exposure to work-related psychosocial risk factors, as the literature indicates, - occupational stress, and, through moral harassment, considered a serious social stressor. The study presents the exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis of the Work-Related Suicidal Ideation Scale (EISRT) - the scale proposed in this study for the identification of suicidal ideation and its possible relationship with the work context. This work aims to validate the EISRT by nomological network through the Stress at Work Scales (EET) and the Affective Impact Scale for Moral Harassment at Work (EIA-AMT). It also seeks to investigate in this study the interactions, previously found in the literature, between occupational stress, bullying at work and the emergence of suicidal ideas. The results obtained with the exploratory factor analysis were satisfactory, indicating the unidimensionality of the scale. The adjustment indexes obtained with the confirmatory factor analysis were also satisfactory. The validity by nomological network indicated a weak correlation between the items of the EISRT and the EIA - AMT (⍴ = 0.30) and between EISRT and EET items (⍴ = 0.35). However, among these constructs, the weak correlation is still satisfactory, since the identification of suicidal ideation is complex because it is still a subject permeated by controversies that commonly characterize it as taboo. Thus, the present study seeks to contribute to the literature on the suicide - work relationship, showing, with the proposal of the EISRT, the importance of identifying suicidal ideation as a risk assessment of suicide attempt and how suicidal behavior, as a whole, can be impacted by the work context, thus seeking to contribute to new forms of prevention and intervention.