O médico de família e a abordagem centrada na pessoa: desfechos do processo ensino-aprendizagem

Abstract

The patient-centered model is one of the components of Family and Community Medicine, and developing this competence is regarded fundamental for the family doctor's performance. The patient-centered clinical model is the primary method in the scopes of training and particularly of Medical Residency, and considered "gold standard" for training in the area. This study aims to analyse the patient-centered clinical model teaching and learning process in the Family and Community medical residency scopes in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro. It is a quantitative-and-qualitative-based descriptive and exploratory study.Field work was carried out through interviews done with Medical Residency Program Supervisors, preceptors and residents. Furthermore, residents and patients overseen at Family Health Care units previously selected in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro were required to answer questionnaires in order to assess the patient-centered care perception. In its outcomes the study presented disagreements concerning the patient-centered care perception among residents and the cared-for patients, with a worse perception from residents standing out. Personal and family factors which could influence the patients' health care had the worst assessment. The interviews with the residents pointed out teaching-setting-related difficulties, and also difficulties with paradigm shift and in-practice joint decision-taking. It should be highlighted that the health sector crisis in the municipality of Rio de Janeiro between 2017-2020 seems to have influenced the teaching-learning process.