A favela nos jornais: o processo de pacificação nas comunidades cariocas

Abstract

Since 1950 the slum is an important issue for the academy. Over the past six decades, communities and the understanding that people have of them have undergone many changes. At the same time, several theories were constructed to better discuss the unequal relations present in society at the academy. Among them were the theory of marginality, the theory of poverty and Post-Colonialism debating the relationship between marginal, poor and subalterns to the dominant group in society. From the 2000s the reality of the favela begins to change in the city of Rio de Janeiro with the implementation of Pacifying Police Units (UPPs). These units are a state government program of public security objective the permanent resumption of communities dominated by traffic and transform the relationship between asphalt and die with the principles of proximity police and the idea of "pacification." The process of pacification of the favelas of Rio de Janeiro was accompanied by carioca media at first defended the same. In the first years after installation of the units, the image conveyed by the media is a process governed by peace and stability. However, more recently coverage began to portray conflict and instability, with several clashes between traffickers and police in communities hitherto "pacified". It is within this context of peace that this study will be built. From theoretical discussions based mainly on the theories of marginality, poverty and postcolonial, and also a historical building of the slum from the academy, we aim to understand how the peace process was represented by Rio newspapers and what their relationship with the marginal condition of the slums. The main hypothesis to be tested is that the transformation of media coverage, from the peace process, built distinct images of the slums. Before the peace, communities would be perceived and represented in the media as spaces of violence and poverty in an almost monolithic view. However, with the implementation of the UPP, this befalls to pluralize, perceiving new trends in media coverage of Rio's favelas, as the greater willingness to announce the pacified communities and those of the southern zone.