Potencial poluidor da disposição final de resíduos sólidos nas águas da bacia hidrográfica da Baia de Guanabara - RJ

Abstract

The Guanabara Bay and its surroundings are defined by a dynamic of industrial activities, intense and disordered urban development, tourist and commercial port activities in an environment that has high environmental relevance, endowed with ecosystems that need preservation such as mangroves and home of biologically relevant species, also important for the fishing activity, which is the livelihood of many families living in the area. The inadequate destination of solid waste is linked to the pollution of the waters of the hydrographic region V, through one of its polluting aspects, which is the generation of leachate, a highly toxic liquid. This work aims to investigate the current scenario of solid waste and leachate management that impacts directly the Hydrographic Region V of Guanabara Bay. Through the survey of the legal environmental documentation, data from technical visits made by the GT Chorume to waste treatment centers, analysis of ICMS Ecológico data in RJ and mapping the data collected using the Geographic information system software Quantum Gis (QGis). It was possible to identify the potentially polluting points of water bodies in 8 dumps deactivated without remediation like Guapimirim, Tanguá, lixão de Areia Branca, Ferma, Itambi, Caxito, Itapeba e Babi. A total of 4 controlled landfills licensed for recovery as well as Bongaba, Itaoca, Gericinó e Gramacho and the existence of potential clandestine dumps around the Jardim Gramacho landfill.