Favela, direito e capitalismo: a dialética de negação e repressão estatal no Complexo do Alemão

Abstract

It is a commonplace that the State incursions into the favelas of Rio de Janeiro through the police apparatus and its operations, generating the violation of a varied range of rights. The rights that are infringed in the favela do not keep similarity with the neighborhoods of middle class or the elite, showing that it has its own dynamics of application. This study has as general objective to understand what are the factors that allow a mismatch in its effectiveness, examining the three elements that I understand central to understand the phenomenon: a) class; b) race; c) territory. Their conjunction allows the defense of the thesis of the existence of an anachronistic right, valid in the territorial scope of the favela, while there is no temporal alignment with the inhabitants of different places. The rights derived from bourgeois liberalism are not recognized in the territory of the favela, due to the perpetuation of elements of the old economic order, which are transmuted into class society without rupture. A qualitative and empirical field research was carried out on two hills of the Complexo do Alemão (Morro do Alemão and Nova Brasília), through semi-structured interviews, as well as informal conversations with residents. Inserted in the perspective of critical theory, on the Marxist side, the guiding method of work is the historical-dialectical