Estudo ergonômico de construção de bancada de trabalho para cooperativas de catadores de materiais recicláveis: uma perspectiva socioambiental

Abstract

The study describes proposals for intervention in a cooperative of tasters of recycled materials in the city of Rio de Janeiro, based on the inference of precarious working conditions and exposure to risk factors that are related to workers. The research construction process was conducted based on the understanding of the socioeconomic, political, legal and environmental context that permeates the segment of cooperatives. The Case of Coopideal, an organization inserted in the recycling chain for discarded post-consumer materials, was exposed within the context presented. The study developed between the beginning of 2019 and the first half of 2020, when the world was shaken by the New Coronavirus pandemic. Through a bibliographic review of the themes inherent to the segment, the analysis of sanctioned public policies, informal meetings and open interviews, the challenges faced by cooperatives were raised. In the general scope, it is inferred that the interests of scrap workers overlap with those of tasters, with the discreet perfomance of the recycling industry. The National Solid Waste Policy, despite allowing numerous laws of a socio-environmental nature, has so far failed to articulate an effective support pact for waste pickers' organizations. The working conditions, health and remuneration of these workers are unsatisfactory and the socio-environmental context of the cooperatives has been aggravated by the effects of the pandemic. In the labor context, individualizing the issues of Coopideal, carried out the Ergonomic Analysis of Work, it was inferred that operational and labor processes applied in the wrong way, absorbed naturally and replicated daily would lead to future damages to the health of workers. It was concluded that the technical intervention that contributed to preserve the health of the cooperative members would be important. The diagnoses reached pointed to the need to generate a proposal for actions in this research, in three directions: to design a solid waste segregation bench, to carry out an adequacy study of the cooperative's physical arrangement and to propose a study of operational reconfiguration of the segregation station of waste. This work generated two prototypes of the waste bench, produced from recycled Tetra Pak® plates; an article accepted by a scientific journal, awaiting publication; the application to the National Institute of National Property for the patent for the invention of the segregation bench; and the private initiative proposal to manufacture 70 segregation benches to be donated to cooperatives.