“Pequena memória para um tempo sem memória”: violências e resistências entre mulheres do Serviço Social na Ditadura Civil-Militar de 1964-1985

Abstract

In this doctoral thesis it was proposed the study of the violence and resistance experienced by women of the social work in their insertion in the confrontation with the civil-military dictatorship in Brazil between 1964 and 1985. It is considered that the complexity of this theme is related to the Brazilian social formation and, therefore, to the way in which capitalism expressed itself here, but as a working hypothesis in this thesis, the assertion that patriarchal gender relations must be associated with the explanation of the production and reproduction of capitalist social relations in the country, as well as the fact that this dictatorial regime has hampered the theoretical-methodological development of the profession, in its critical aspect, only expressed and resumed in Brazil since 1979.The approach to the object of study finds convergence with the insertion of its author on the theme of violence against women. This proximity is translated by experiences of an academic and professional nature. The approach to the women's struggle banner, that is, feminism - as an emancipatory social movement that proposes to overcome capitalist patriarchal domination / exploitation, guiding equality and freedom for women – was therefore related to the interest in perform this research.In order to conduct this qualitative and exploratory study, it was used, in addition to the theoretical-bibliographic review, the field work, involving interviews with 10 (ten) Social Work women who were included, such as students, social workers and / or teachers, in the struggles and resistance of that period, as well as suffered different types of violence in this process. Various documentary sources were also consulted, ranging from those already published, to the consultation and analysis of records of the National Information System (SNI), available in the National Archive, at the Reference Center for Political Struggles in Brazil, called "Revealed Memories".The regime installed by the civil-military coup, from its initial moments until its decline, was openly imposed by military force, coercion and violence, while at the same time restrained the most elementary rights to the limit. These years were, however, also of resistances and struggles, which are expressed in the plural, precisely to show the multiplicity of movements that were articulated to that of defending a democratic society. There were also multiple forms of violence experienced and specified among women – physical, psychic, sexual, institutional –; in short, violence that is explained in this thesis as patriarchal relations, which are associated with capitalist social relations in the country.