As políticas contemporâneas sobre a vida a partir de Michel Foucault

Abstract

The hypothesis of our thesis is that the biopolitics worked by Michel Foucault can still be used as an interpretative key to the understanding of our present. Beyond the name of a power over life, research on biopolitics is a veritable theoretical tool, a "toolbox", from which we can manipulate it to understand the complex power relations that exist in this world of capital globalized world. In this thesis we defend the hypothesis that the grid of intelligibility of neoliberalism elaborated by Foucault is still the horizon of understanding by which we can begin to thematize the biopolitical problems that present themselves to us today. The governmental rationality of neoliberalism persists as the background on which the techniques of subjectivation of individuals and control of the population unfold. Neoliberalism is the broader horizon for reading biopolitics, and it is from this that we must try to understand all the technologies that aim at the administration of life. From this point, we defend the need for a "geopolitical turn", which can be understood as a theoretical-discursive shift to think biopolitical practices according to the spatial and political position we occupy in the world. We understand that in some spatialities biopolitics is transfigured into necropolitics, according to the concept of the Cameroonian philosopher Achille Mbembe. Our objective is to understand the dynamics of necropolitics to show how this power technology described by Mbembe can be visualized in our society, mainly in some localities of the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.