Educação de adultos no cenário amazônico: Movimento de Educação de Base em Tefé/AM (1963-1982)

Abstract

The Basis Education Movement (MEB) was created in 1961, by means of the Decree 50.370/1960, fruit of the partnership between the Catholic Church and the Federal Government with the intention of teaching basic literacy skills to adults from the Northern, Northeastern and Central-western regions of the country. The MEB Tefé developed its activities throughout forty years (1963-2003), offering to the riparian population basic literacy classes, professionalizing classes and trainings, all of them in person and via radio. Its courses and radio programs dealt with differente thematics such as adults basic literacy, sanitary education, nutritional education, home schooling, childcare, religious guidance, cooperativism, trade unionism, among others. In this research the purpose is to analyze the teaching proposals of MEB Tefé – which was under the management of Don Joaquim de Lange – directed towards the riparian population in the period from 1963 to 1982 in the state of Amazonas. In order to comprehend the acting of this movement in the aforementioned period of time the following research question was chosen: Which were the education proposals of the MEB Tefé in the period from 1963 to 1982? The assumption that guides this study is that the MEB Tefé, in order to survive the military regime, needed to redimension its actions. Thus, the thesis of this research is that the MEB through different strategies and proposals contributed to the social, cultural and educational transformation of riverine peoples of the state. In order to understand the historicity of that initiative and the details of the educational actions the semiannual and annual monthly reports, the pedagogical proposals, the registration books, the terms of covenants, the radio programs scripts, the interviews with the presidents, the coordinator and the supervisor of the MEB Tefé, as well as the journalistic articles that dealt with questions about the movement, accessed via the Digital Newspaper Archive of the National Library were used as documental sources. In order to thoroughly establish communication with those sources, the research makes use of the works of Barros (2014), Souza (2013), Kadt (2007), Fávero (2006), Paiva (2009). Peixoto Filho (2010), Raposo (1985), Wanderley (1984), among others that deal with the basic education movement. Regarding to the methodological basis, it is close to the ideas and concepts of Barros (2019), Burke (2017), Certau (2014, 2017), Kossoy (2014), Prost (2008), Barbosa (2007), Espada Lima (2006), Levi (2000), Ginzburg (1989a, 1989b, 2006) e Le Goff (1996), ones who helped to think about the role of the historian, the ways of making history and the dealing with the documentary sources.