Entre o sapatinho e o coturno: oscilação entre o dissimulado e o ostensivo na atuação de milicianos no Rio de Janeiro entre os anos de 2006 e 2014

Abstract

This master's dissertation seeks to problematize the militia concept by establishing a differentiation between the meaning historically attributed to the term, and the ambivalent meaning it assumes when employed in the state of Rio de Janeiro between the years 2006 and 2018. It is assumed that there would be an oscillation in public opinion that would contribute to the formation of pseudoenvironments, which would inform two perceptions about the performance of militia groups. One would consider its practices as a force for community self-defense, which tolerates the militia as a lesser evil and an alternative to the reduced official presence of the state in the control of crime, another would understand them as a violent group of exploitation of protection and drug markets. It would be up to the police to react to this ambivalence through the constitution of local micropowers, which would upwardly modulate their pseudoambiente and the way they would act "on the edge of the line" in each situation. At the same time, militia groups would be influenced by the oscillation of pseudoenvironments, which, when it was unfavorable, would signal for a disguised act, without attracting attention, in the “shoe”, and when they indicated support, they would act ostensibly, with a militarized, uniformed aesthetic, identified with the “coturno” metaphor. The methodology brings a bibliographic review on the theme based on the contribution of classic and contemporary authors, such as Reinhard Koselleck, Michel Foucault, Nobert Elias, Pierre Bourdieu, Inácio Cano, Marcos Bretas, among others, articulated to the printed media and secondary statistical data.