Efeito agudo da atividade condicionante no desempenho do salto vertical em mulheres treinadas: uma revisão sistemática com metanálise

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: A conditioning activity is often used to improve performance in motor tasks with muscle power predominance, such as the vertical jump. However, it is not known whether this method is efficient in the trained women’s population. OBJECTIVE: The objective of the present study was to verify the acute effect of conditioning activity protocols in vertical jump performance in trained women. METHODS: A systematic review with meta-analysis was performed with studies identified and retrieved from five databases (Pubmed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science, Scopus, and SciELO). Screening and eligibility of selected studies were performed by two independent evaluators, following the PICOS strategy. Eligible studies had their methodological quality and risk of bias assessed using Testex and Risk of Bias 2.0 scales. The level of evidence of the systematic review was verified by the GRADE tool. The meta-analysis results were obtained using the RevMan software using mean values, standard deviations, and the number of participants per group in the post-treatment and control conditions. The standardized mean difference was presented graphically using Forest Plots, and publication bias was presented using Funnel Plots and Egger test. RESULTS: The main findings were: (1) the intervention with conditioning activity produced higher jumping performances than the control group/session [SMD = 0.91 (IC95%: 0.57, 1.24), I2 = 75%, p = 0.0006]; (2) interventions with dynamic exercises showed better jumping performance responses than isometric exercises [SMD = 1.00 (IC95%: 0.60, 1.40), I2 = 55%, p = 0.06]; (3) conditioning activities with multiple sets were superior in increasing jump performance when compared to conditioning activities with single sets [SMD = 0.88 (IC95%: 0.53, 1.22), I2 = 78%, p = 0.0003]; (4) female athletes with more training experience seem to be more responsive to conditioning activity than females of lower training level [SMD = 1.00 (IC95%: 0.60, 1.40), I2 = 55%, p = 0.06]. CONCLUSION: a conditioning activity may be an interesting strategy to improve vertical jump’s acute performance in trained women. Female athletes with greater training experience seem to be more responsive to dynamic conditioning activities, with greater volume (3 sets) and intensities above 70%1RM. More studies are needed to better establish more adequate protocols for women to complex training, using the vertical jump as a performance measure.