A conciliação entre realismo e relativismo à luz dos pensamentos filosóficos de Paul Feyerabend e Richard Rorty

Abstract

This thesis will address the relation between realism and relativism in Richard Rorty and Paul Feyerabend. Until the first half of the twentieth century, realism and relativism have been understood by philosophers of science as irreconcilable. However, some approaches arising in the second half of the century initiated a review of the relation between two concepts. Even with such efforts, the picture that is observed today is still laden with disagreements. Behind efforts to defend realism or relativism are at stake features that are to be attributed to science. In addition to concern with the limits and scope of the kind of knowledge undertaken by science, the problem of realism / relativism also raises interest in the question of the relation between science and society. We intend to show that realism and relativism can be designed as compatible and that Feyerabend and Rorty have theses that allow the conciliation of these concepts. We also believe that conciliation observed in their works allows us a more compatible point of view with science in their practice and makes us think of a more balanced relation between science and society.