Drenagem urbana na área da Praça da Cruz Vermelha: um estudo de caso da aplicação do conceito de cidades esponjas para atenuação de alagamentos

Abstract

The flood in Rio de Janeiro central area are remembered in old songs and recalled by the population during periods of rain fall. Problems between the urban drainage and the city relation remain more evident over the years, affecting the city in an unpredictable way and causing serious damage, with material losses and road mobility restriction in the periods of occurrences. In this scenario, the search focus was defined in the Praça da Cruz Vermelha region, which is inside the central zone that covers a middle area between Lapa and Central do Brasil and has a large flow because it concentrates hospitals, residential area, commercial area with office buildings, public institutions, universities, hotel, and others. However, even with the diversity of activities, this area suffers from periodic episodes that are not resolved because it has old drainage problems, with rainy episodes that don’t cope with the water volume which is discarded. The objective of this research is to understand the problems in this region, observe the techniques for urban drainage and suggest solutions to mitigate the problems from this inefficient water system. The technologies survey helps to understand the existing measures that can be applied to minimize the impacts of rain fall and apply the sponge cities concept as a study to mitigate the problem in the region. This concept was developed in China and creates subsidies by bringing together various associated technologies for drainage that allow for better absorption and prevent the accumulation and retention of urban areas water. Then, the research seeks to analyze the relation between sponge cities and the urban drainage system, therefore a mapping of the site focusing on critical zones and from this study elaboration proposal to implement improvements in artificial drainages applying the sponge cities concepts for the research and are carried out for the possible implementation of measures and technologies to solve the problems in the Praça da Cruz Vermelha region. However, the analysis results of this implementation showed that it needs more efforts to seek better solution for the application of the technologies, simulation studies can be carried out and adequate absorption percentages studies can be calculated to improve the efficiency techniques. This research can serve as support and recommendation for future studies that can further deepen the studies of the techniques studied and the area raised for this research.