Estudo da aplicabilidade de um wetland construído de fluxo vertical para o tratamento complementar do esgoto doméstico de uma residência unifamiliar

Abstract

Brazil has low rates of coverage for sewage services. Its disordered growth, combined with social inequality, contributes to the precariousness of these services. Only 55,0% of the population is served by a sewage collection network, and only 50,8%, of all the sewage generated, receives adequate treatment, resulting in the discharge of billions of liters of fresh effluent in the receiving bodies, compromising the preservation of the environment and the health of the population. The lack of public infrastructure means that different regions need to implement their own means of disposal and treatment of sewage. In order to expand the coverage of these services, alternative solutions that meet local needs must be adopted. This study aimed to analyze the applicability of implementing a wetland built with vertical flow for the treatment of domestic sewage in a single-family residence. The system was used to complement the treatment of a septic tank, improving the quality of the treated effluent. This treatment unit showed na an efficiency of removal of BOD greater than 97%, COD greater than 94%, TSS greater than 81% and Phosphorus and ammoniacal Nitrogen, 70% and 75%.