Panorama atual do monitoramento da qualidade das águas no Brasil. Estudo de caso: Ribeirão da Mata – Aplicação do IQA-CCME

Abstract

This work presents the current status of water quality monitoring, the use of water quality indices and how this information is available in society in Brazil, in each Federation Unit. Posteriorly, through a case study in the Ribeirão da Mata River Basin, evaluate the water quality indexes, currently used by the Minas Gerais Institute for Water Management: Water Quality Index of the National Water Foundation Sanitation (IQA -NSF), Toxic Contamination (CT) and Trophic State Index (TSI). These indices were compared to the Water Quality Index of the Canadian Council of Environment Ministers (IQA-CCME). The conditions of the water bodies in the Ribeirão da Mata basin were evaluated by IQA-CCME applying, in order to verify the compliance or not with the legislation. For this evaluation, we used the parameters analyzed by IGAM, the limits that should be applied on the classification of water bodies in the state of Minas Gerais. About the presentation of the overview of the water quality in Brazil was verified a heterogeneity in the monitoring of the waters in the country and the performances by the National Water Agency for equate this scenario. The case study demonstrated through IQA-CCME index well meets a proposal for information on what a river basin meets its proposed framework, an application of the IQA-CCME index also identified, leading to studies already conducted by IGAM, which as major sources of pollution of Ribeirão da Mata are related to the discharge of sanitary effluents, however, further studies with the use of medium contamination by toxic substances also identified in this watershed were suggested. About how water quality index tests were verified as applications and permissions of each of these indices.