Modos da política contemporânea: entre a performatividade e a reversibilidade

Abstract

The present thesis advocates the use of a modern political statement to read four contemporary political formulations. It assumes the productivity of the idea of "exit" contained in the definition of the Enlightenment given by Kant and makes it work in the construction of the political concepts of Jacques Rancière, Ernesto Laclau, Axel Honneth and Toni Negri. Interpreting it as an organizing "logical gesture", it proposes that it is able to distribute the four authors in two axes of reading that we propose to call the axis of the performativity and the axis of the reversibility. In each of the chapters it is a matter of showing the strict connection between this reading scheme and the conceptual and/or terminological mediations of each of the authors studied. It is argued that what we call a "logical gesture" acts as a virtuality capable of permeating the argumentative meanders of each of the authors infusing meaning to what we say to be their political concepts. By relying on the temporality proper to what psychoanalysis called an après-coup, it concludes with an interrogation of the unilateral tendencies contained in both axes, suggesting, as a complement, intuitions for future research. In the form of an "Appendix" we construct a dialogue between our authors, in the form of a fictional communication, where their tensions and reciprocal congruences are explained, both of which are only dealt with laterally throughout the work.