Aspectos relacionados à gravidade de lesões nos isquiostibiais em atletas de futebol profissional

Abstract

Introduction: Soccer is a popular sport all over the world, especially in Brazil. Indirect thigh muscle injuries are common in soccer and represent a critical challenge for team medical teams. The aim of this dissertation is to conduct a literature review on the aspects associated with hamstring muscle injuries in professional soccer athletes. Methods: Two studies were performed, a review on the approached theme, using the analysis of the existing data in the specific literature, approaching what has been adopted, used, tested, and reporting on these developments, and an original study with a descriptive epidemiological research informing about frequency and distribution of descriptive and retrospective events. The data obtained is composed of the injury information of 25 soccer players 26.80 ± 7.40 years old from a first division team in Rio de Janeiro. The statistical treatment focused on the estimates of measures of location (mean and median - md) and dispersion (standard deviation - s and coefficient of variation - cv), aiming to characterize the group of players. The following variables were considered: Position, Gravity, Competition, Dominance, Asymmetric Side, Games, Clearance, Thermography, Basal ck, Average ck, 24h ck, 48h ck, Age, Knee extension strength and knee flexion strength, Concentric Asymmetry and Asymmetric Side. Results: All variables showed high variability, CV > 20.00%. Concentric Asymmetry suggested that the greatest force generation would not necessarily reside in the dominant limb, which would be reasonable to assume, given that support for the execution of specific movements in soccer could favor superior cross-sectional development. Obviously, force generation would not be exclusively dependent on the mentioned characteristic, but longitudinally it could provide significant differences. Such hypothesis may be strengthened by the imperative need of physical preparation to eliminate the differences between dominant and non-dominant limbs, balancing the body and reducing the risk of injury. Final Considerations: With the variables analyzed, it was not possible to determine direct relationships with lesions in the ischiotibial muscles. However, concentric asymmetry between the dominant and non-dominant sides were determined and are by hypothesis risks that should be corrected. Further studies should be conducted with a larger number of annotated injuries and different clubs and divisions.