Características da Sepse neonatal precoce em uma Unidade de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal de São Luís - MA

Abstract

Neonatal sepsis is one of the most frequent infectious conditions in the neonatal period, which more increases morbidity and mortality. The aimed of this study was to characterize early neonatal sepsis in newborns from a neonatal intensive care unit. Cross-sectional and longitudinal study was performed. Population consisted of 183 newborns admitted at neonatal intensive care unit of University Hospital of Universidade Federal do Maranhão - maternal and child unit - Brazilian hospital services company (HUUFA / UMI / EBSERH) from January 1 to December 31, 2016, all patients were diagnosed early sepsis, 160 made up the sample after inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected and processed by STATA software version 14.0 and presented by frequency and percentage. Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to observe correlations between variables. It is observed that, of the mothers of the 160 newborns surveyed, had per capita family income of one to two minimum wages (41.3%), were married or had consensual union (57.5%), complete high school (55%), had less than six prenatal consultations (68.8%), had Urinary Tract Infections (UTI) (40.6%), Specific Hypertensive Pregnancy Disease (DHEG) or High Blood Pressure (21.9%) and chorioamnionitis (12.5%). Of the neonatal characteristics, the newborns were male (53.8%), weighed between 1,000g and 2,499g (58.1%) and had a gestational age below 32 weeks (51.2%). Of the 128 blood cultures collected, presented negative results (86.7%), only two had positive results and identified agents (1.6%), one E.coli and one Streptococcus oralis and the others did not report the result (11.7%). Septic shock associated with prematurity was the major cause of death (62.5%). It was concluded that there was no correlation between the risk factors and the positive blood culture result, only a broken bag above 6 pm and vaginal delivery with an increase in deaths.