Estudo do comportamento das variáveis biomecânicas na indução de cargas no treinamento contra resistência com máquinas

Abstract

The main objective of this research was to identify the mechanical load induction promoted by the resistance training with the use of machines and to estimate their association with degree of impact on the muscles that work in the lumbar region. Fifteen healthy subjects, all of them from the Instituto de Educação Física e Desportos of UERJ (age: 22,75 ± 3,20 years, height: 1,74 ± 0,12 meters, mass: 71,03 ± 8,77 kg and BMI: 23,95 ± 4,44). To know the number of resistance training machines (MTCR) for lumbar region, a survey was carried out in several districts of Rio de Janeiro, for the identification of the constituent elements was used the SisCaER. An MTCR was constructed to obtain information on biomechanical variables, the DexEL. In this equipment the subjects performed six repetitions of the exercise of extension of seated position and upright trunk with load equivalent to upper body mass (70% of total body mass). The repetitions were performed with the DexEL configured in four different positions: with or without pelvis restraint mechanism (apoio) and with the back resistance pad (brp) in the high and low positions. In these configurations the angular displacement behavior of three angles was identified: rib, cristailiac and trochanter (COST, CI, TROC respectively), with the videogrammetry technique. The force applied to DexEL during exercise was measured with the aid of a load cell coupled to brp. There was a statistically significant difference for the angular displacement between the angle COST and CI (p-value = 0,028667) and between COST and TROC (p-value = 0,028644), there was no significant difference between CI and COST nor between the interactions with support and brp. For the applied force in the DexEl there was no difference between the four configurations. It is concluded that the induction of mechanical loads in an common MTCR for trunk extension seems to provide movement s in distinct trunk segments.