Aproveitamento de águas pluviais para fins não potáveis e sistemas de captação e armazenamento: Um estudo aplicado às habitações populares

Abstract

The use of rainwater for non-potable uses is in line with the principle of sustainability and water conservation and is a measure provided for by the water resources legislation and standardized by the Brazilian Association of Technical Standards - ABNT. The use of this practice has been recommended for years for flushing in toilet bowls, garden taps, cleaning outdoor areas, car washing etc. In general, the systems are quite simple and are composed of vertical collectors, horizontal collectors, filter and reservoir. This study seeks through the study of the hydrological cycle, the rain regime and technical standards to technically demonstrate the viability of a collection and storage system aimed at popular housing. The challenge of the massification of these systems lacks political stimuli, cultural massification and, above all, technical viability that can promote the conscious use of water at all socio-economic levels. The use of collection and storage, when properly dimensioned, can supply up to 45% of non-potable domestic uses, reduces the water bill value, gives sustainability to the use of water, adds value to the property and is low maintenance due to water low hardness. As a methodology, the bibliographic review of renowned authors and the technical standards of ABNT will be used, in addition to the use of normal climatology (1981 - 2010) from the National Institute of Meteorology - INMET and the Microsoft Excel spreadsheet software with the support of Macros and the programming language VBA (Visual Basic for Applications). At the end of this study, it is expected to develop an application for dimensioning rainwater capture and storage systems, an instruction manual and an open source programming notebook that will be used to build the system.