Erros pré-analíticos em Microbiologia: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

Laboratory medicine is a medical specialty which doctors use and depend on your routine in making decisions with their patients. Total quality in the diagnosis should be defined as the assurance that each activity throughout the testing process is carried out correctly and safely. However laboratory errors that have been studied for many years, point to a special attention to one of the stages. It is known that the main causes occur in the pre-analytical phase between approximately 46% and 68%, about which the lower control hold laboratories.This study specifically examines this scenario in microbiology laboratories where the pre-analytical error generates a false positive diagnosis or false negative. Consequently leading to misuse of antibiotics or neglect of treatment. The aim is to conduct a systematic review of the laboratory tests of changes that may occur in the pre-analytical phase in microbiology laboratory a systematic review, which covers the available scientific literature for articles published between January 1990 and June 2014 on laboratory tests errors in microbiology that may occur in the pre-analytical phase was done. In addition to the search of scientific publications were obtained cross-references of the selected articles via electronic search. Included is descriptive or analytical studies of primary and basic studies whose topic is pre-analytical errors of laboratory tests in microbiology. Was obtained in outcome articles 10 for extracting parameters incidence of pre-analytical errors in the microbiology laboratory. The only issue addressed in the literature seems to be cross-contamination, focusing almost exclusively to this problem in relation to the M. tuberculosis cultures.The results of this systematic review show that there is still a scientific gap in the production of scientific evidence on pre-analytical errors in microbiology. Unquestionably the need to obtain parameters that enable the development of standard protocols for pre-analytical procedures in the microbiology sector, while respecting the specificity of each test, associated with the frequent training of laboratory technicians with a view to improved quality in medicine laboratory.