A securitização da anexação da Crimeia e os interesses da Federação Russa no espaço pós-soviético

Abstract

The annexation of Crimea by Russia in 2014 made the peninsula one of the main geopolitical themes of that year and a highlight, as it was the first time that the Russian Federation annexed a territory of its own. The territory of Crimea has historical, cultural and linguistic links with the Russians and these links were mobilized to build an argument by the Russian government that the population of the region was in insecurity due to the events in Ukraine that brought about the fall of President Viktor Yanukovych, in February 2014. Based on these episodes, the main objective of this dissertation is to understand the securitization movement carried out by the Russian government, linking the political identity of compatriots with the idea of threat to justify the annexation of Crimea. Based on the content analysis of the speeches given by the Russian political elite, and on the theory of securitization, we seek to understand how the government built this idea of insecurity and analyze whether the audience approved this move made by the Russian government. In addition, the dissertation will also analyze Russian foreign policy for the post-Soviet space, the role of compatriots within it and understand how the Russian government sees the expansion of NATO and the European Union.