As relações afetivas íntimas de adolescentes em situação de acolhimento institucional: um estudo de coocorrência da violência e seus fatores associados

Abstract

This study has as its object the intimate affective relationships of adolescents in a situation of institutional care and the occurrence of violence. The establishment of intimate affective relationships between adolescents is a natural behavior of the human being, and when experienced by adolescents in institutional care, it presents a sequence of particularities of individual, structural and / or social dimensions. These affective relationships in adolescence are endowed with new positive and negative experiences, which can even be permeated by violence in intimate affective relationships. The study aimed to analyze the prevalence and factors associated with violence in the intimate emotional relationships of adolescents in institutional care. We opted for a quantitative, descriptive, exploratory, cross-sectional / cross-sectional study, with a sample of 74 adolescents in public institutional care in the city of Rio de Janeiro. The data analysis consisted of the description of the variables in a uni and multivariate manner according to the objectives of the study. The techniques of descriptive, exploratory and explanatory analysis of the variables were used, estimating the prevalence, prevalence ratio (PR), adjusted prevalence ratio, the averages and calculating the respective 95% confidence intervals. Statistical modeling procedures were also performed using logistic regression models with a frequentist and Bayesian approach. The hypothesis tests and Fisher's exact test were used. The predominant profile of the adolescents studied was male, aged between 12 and 15 years old, brown and black skin color, evangelical and with elementary school education II. The data revealed high percentages of some type of violence in intimate emotional relationships (95.9%), with psychological and physical being more prevalent. There was an association of skin color, religion and education as potential for violence in intimate affective relationships. Participants with a beginning of sexual life had a higher incidence of violence in general (83.1%), with prevalence in sexual (92.7%), psychological (82.9%) and threat (81.6%). The use of condoms showed a relationship of about 10 times the chance of experiencing sexual violence and the non-experience of sexual violence previously presented a 1.85 times chance of experiencing threat in intimate affective relationships. The data reveal that violence in intimate relationships and drug use are frequent. The most frequent violence in affective relationships in relation to those responsible were relational (36.4%), psychological (31.4%) and physical (31.1%) for some family member as responsible and threat (34.2%), relational (33.3%) and physical (31.1%) for the mother. The level of education and occupation of the father figure were manifested as protective factors for physical and psychological violence. Violence in relationships in general was more frequent in friendship / peer groups who dropped out of school and used legal and illegal drugs. Similar new studies are recommended in other regions of the state and the country to assess the magnitude of the violence in intimate affective relationships and their association with the same factors of this research.