Perfil clínico-epidemiológico de crianças com doenças renais assistidas em um hospital de referência no Estado do Maranhão

Abstract

Renal Disease (RD) is defined by the presence of kidney injury and / or loss of renal function. Epidemiological data show that the incidence of these diseases in childhood is controversial; therefore, there are underreporting, affecting some 1.5 and 3 per million population at the related age. The main diseases affecting the urinary tract in the pediatric age group include primary or secondary glomerular disorders, congenital anomalies, urinary tract infection, tubular diseases, hereditary cystic diseases, and nephrolithiasis. The objective is to characterize the clinical and epidemiological profile of hospitalized children with kidney disease by associating factors and outcomes. Observational study with cross sectional and retrospective design. The study was conducted at the Hospital Universitário da Universidade Federal do Maranhão, Unidade Materno Infantil – Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares HUUFMA/UMI/EBSERH, from November 1, 2017 to July 31, 2018, with children diagnosed with kidney disease between the ages of 2 and 14 years, hospitalized From January 2014 to July 2018, the population comprised 219 children. Data collection was performed in medical records or files of the Pediatric Renal Pediatric Inpatient Unit with the following variables: gender, age, clinical history data, renal disease etiology, exam data (weight, height, blood pressure) at patient admission and laboratory evaluation, among others. Data were processed in STATA 14.0. It was evidenced in the research that 51.41% were female, 20.09% aged between 8 and 9 years, 60.73% coming from municipalities of the interior of Maranhão, the average hospitalization was 16 days, 47.03 % hospitalized for various clinical complications, most frequent family history were heart disease, systemic arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Regarding the diagnosis found, 45.66% were glomerular diseases; Regarding the observed outcome, 65.30% had an outpatient segment; creatinine found on exams averaged 2.43 mg / dl; and the Gromerular Filtration Rate (GFR) averaging 86 ml / min / 1.73m2. It is concluded that the study contributed to a better epidemiological understanding of kidney diseases in the age group studied, guiding the adoption of public policies and aiming at the identification of predictive factors and outcomes.