Nação e política: uma análise dos discursos presidenciais do primeiro ano de mandato de Jair Bolsonaro à luz da Teoria da metáfora conceptual

Abstract

This dissertation aims to perform a quali-quantitative analysis on the construction of meaning of the concepts NATION and POLITICS in the political speeches of Jair Bolsonaro in his first year in office in the light of Conceptual Metaphor Theory (LAKOFF, JONHSON, [1980] 2002; CHARTERIS-BLACK, 2004; MUSOLFF, 2004, 2016; GOATLY, 2007; SARDINHA, 2007, 2008) and Frames Semantics (FILLMORE, 1976, 1982; FILLMORE et al., 2003; SALOMÃO, 2009; DUQUE, 2015). For this purpose, there was the collection of the corpus, composed of 187 speeches made by Jair Bolsonaro during 2019, through the website of the Palácio do Planalto. On the one hand, the analysis sought to identify the emergence of conceptual metaphors related to the concepts NATION and POLITICS, the moral models that influence them, and which interactional frames acted in the perspectivation of the speeches that compose the corpus; on the other hand, there was the accounting of the occurrence of the conceptual metaphors found, as well as, of the lexical items that could activate certain interactional frames. The results point to the prevalence, in the corpus, of conventional conceptual metaphors, such as POLITICS IS JOURNEY, POLITICS IS WAR, POLITICS IS RELIGIOUS ACT; NATION IS FAMILY, NATION IS CONSTRUCTION, NATION IS PEOPLE, NATION IS BODY and NATION IS PRISIONER. Furthermore, it was possible to note the presence of the moral model of STRICT FATHER as a predominant worldview in the corpus, so that the emergence of conceptual metaphors is, by such a model, influenced. Finally, the interactional frames found in the corpus, MILITARY_DISCOURSE and CHRISTIAN_DISCOURSE, indicate that the perspectivation of the conceptual metaphors found reinforces the point of view of the discourse subject – President Jair Bolsonaro – as well as the values present in the moral model of STRICT FATHER, which contributes to the construction of meaning of the concepts of NATION and POLITICS.