Os sentidos da política de financiamento da Pré-Escola em Mesquita-RJ: dilemas e perspectivas

Abstract

The present study intends to emphasize the relevance of offering Early Childhood Education in the pre-school sub-division, guaranteed as the first stage of Public Basic Education, considering for this purpose, a financing policy for its effectiveness as a right of the child of four and five years of age. Taking as a temporal cut the period from 2006 to 2016, this research wil briefly analyze the moment that the country would cross in line with the political and social aspects, with some similarities between these presidential mandates, in its directives of central educational policies present in the speeches of legal texts, which would have direct repercussions in municipalities such as that of Mesquita, elected for a somewhat more attentive look at the policies of accounting funds, delimiting in the Fund for Maintenance and Development of Basic Education and Valorization of Education Professionals ( FUNDEB). The purpose of this study is to identify and analyze the meanings that are produced by the discourses about the influence of FUNDEB on the provision of Early Childhood Education in the subdivision of the pre-school in Mesquita, in the state of Rio de Janeiro. Methodological y, the present research was based on Norman Fairclough's Critical. Discourse Analysis (ADC) (2001), in dialogue with the approach of the studies of the Policy Cycle, in the text production context of Stephen Ball proposed by Mainardes (2001), with which it seeks to answer the issues listed, as wel as the objectives proposed for this study. During this research, the surveys and analyzes made it possible to infer that the discourses regarding the preschool offer were changing over time being predicted in a more systematic way in laws, based on studies that pointed out the relevance of step to guarantee the development inherent in this phase of childhood in the school context. The advent of FUNDEB foreseeing the alocation of resources for this stage also gave light and a greater stimulus to the effective access to this right by the municipalities, which followed by ordinances such as Amendment No. 59/2009, the approval of another National Education Plan and with this the Municipal Plans of Education adds legal elements so that the preschool is offered in a concrete way and in keeping with its peculiarities. Ensuring these financial resources has contributed to the expansion of the enrolment of the four- and five-year-old children, but in the city of Mesquita, universalization has not yet been achieved as both the National and the Municipal Education Plan advocate.