Avaliação da qualidade de vida em tempos de pandemia por COVID-19: uma revisão sistemática

Abstract

The pandemic caused by coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) unexpectedly arrived in the world context, provoking preventive measures to protect the population from this disease. To do so, it was necessary to adopt forms of precaution and control, such as social distancing and the execution only of services considered essential. This new way of relating has caused immeasurable damage, exhibiting high levels of stress, depression and mental suffering, affecting the population's quality of life. A search was performed in the electronic databases PubMed, Scopus, Embase and PEDro on May 19, 2020. Studies that (i) evaluated the quality of life in the population during COVID-19 and (ii) were included in this review have been written in English; and duplicate or incomplete articles, comments, letters, conference abstracts, books, book chapters, systematic reviews, meta-analyses and narrative reviews were excluded. The PEDro Scale was used to assess the methodological quality of the selected articles and the Cochrane risk of bias tool for study validity. Six hundred and thirty-three articles were found and 346 were excluded because they were reviews (narrative or systematic or meta-analyses). Of the 287, 154 were excluded because they did not address QOL or did not specifically report COVID-19 findings and 113 were duplicate or incomplete articles, conference abstracts and articles that were not in English. Eight studies were selected with two having 'good' methodological quality, four 'fair' quality and two having 'poor' quality. Considering the risk of bias, three publications presented, “Low risk” in almost all the criteria used, in the other articles, a “high” risk of bias was found. Considering the evaluation of the results of this systematic review, it is possible to conclude that the QoL of populations during COVID-19 worsened. However, it is important to highlight that several quality of life indicators (infant mortality, average income, life expectancy, health coverage, education level) in the countries are different. Therefore, it is not possible to make a simple comparison of these populations and the conclusions must be made carefully.