Desigualdade de renda e valorização do salário mínimo real no Brasil: uma análise de decomposição para o período 2005/2015

Abstract

The national literature is in consensus on the importance of the minimum wage for reducing income inequality, however few studies seek to measure the role of wage appreciation policy on interregional inequality. It is in this perspective that we intend to advance, based on data from the National Household Sample Survey (PNADs) for the years 2005, 2008, 2011 and 2015, by analyzing the impact of the real appreciation of the minimum wage to reduce income inequality. at the regional level. Firstly, based on household income per capita, when decomposing the Gini index, a high percentage of participation and a high degree of correlation of labor income were found. There was a reduction in national inequality, and all regions showed better results, but inequality between regions increased in the period. Taking into account only the employed individuals, in the whole period there was a reduction in the income inequality received, but the reduction proportions were different, the interval between 2005 and 2008 presented the largest variation (2.55 %), corresponding to the same interval with the highest appreciations of the real minimum wage; The subperiod with the lowest variation in inequality levels (2011 to 2015) (1.46 %) was also when the real increases in the minimum wage had the lowest appreciation percentages.