Resistência e luta: o processo de organização das trabalhadoras domésticas por direitos trabalhistas e previdenciários no Brasil

Abstract

The present thesis aims to analyze the process of resistance and struggle of domestic workers in search of labor and social security rights, more specifically in search of the approval of the Constitutional Amendment - EC 72/2013 that sought to equate the rights of this category with other urban and rural workers in the Brazil. In this process we focus on Social Sex Relations, articulating these analyzes with the discussion of the Coloniality of Power, to understand the historical oppression and exploitation of women by men, capitalism and the State in this system, also structured by the constructions of power based race / ethnicity and racism in our country. We understand that the differentiated forms of insertion of women and black women in the workplace and the priority orientation of women to the work of social reproduction, as a result of the sexual division of labor, has rebounded in their access to labor and social security rights. We analyze the domestic work, structured by social relations of sex, race / ethnicity and class, inserted in the capitalist society and in the new configurations of the sexual division of labor post 1970; and the struggle of this category of work for rights in a counterreform context of the Brazilian State, which represses social movements and restricts rights for the working class. In this process, we specifically aim to investigate the organization and struggle of paid and monthly domestic workers in Brazil in search of rights, because we understand that they experience a strong situation of oppression and exploitation of sex, class and race / ethnicity, because they have been historically discriminated in terms of labor and social security rights in relation to other rural and urban workers, as well as the precarious working conditions to which they are exposed and the low rates of access to rights. Thus, in order to uncover and problematize the processes of historical struggle of domestic workers in search of labor and social security rights, we carried out bibliographical, documentary and semi-structured interviews with 3 representatives of the domestic workers' movement and 2 Federal Deputies who were present in the articulations of fight of this category in pursuit of the approval of EC 72/2013, as well as in the vote in the Federal Chamber of this Amendment. We further understand the search for rights in this sociability, but not as an end in itself, rather as a means of constructing broader and truly emancipatory struggles of humanity.