Narrativas de crianças e adolescentes com condição crônica hospitalizados sobre o gerenciamento da dor pela equipe de enfermagem

Abstract

Objectives: To understand how the hospitalized child/adolescent with a chronic condition perceives pain management by nursing professionals. To elaborate a narrative synthesis on the perception of children/adolescents of pain management by nursing professionals. To analyze the narratives of children and adolescents about pain management by nursing professionals.Theoretical Framework: The assumptions of the Symptom Management Theory were followed and, based on its theoretical precepts, the experience of the symptom pain experienced by the participants, the various pain management strategies identified by the participants; and the understanding of children and adolescents with chronic conditions about the outcome of pain management by the nursing team were considered. Methodology: This is a qualitative descriptive and exploratory study that took place in a university hospital located in Rio de Janeiro. The participants were children and adolescents aged 7 to 16 years old admitted to the padiatric wards. The Photo-Elicitation technique was used for data collection in conjunction with a semi-structured interview. Data analysis occurred through inductive thematic analysis from the Narrative of each participant. Results: Thirteen children and adolescents with chronic conditions from 7 to 16 years old participated in the study. Through the thorough analysis of the interviews, the narrative synthesis was elaborated: Walking side by side searching for relief. Pharmacological and non-pharmacological strategies proved relevant in the management. Besides the administration of analgesic medication for pain, gestures of affection, words of encouragement and respect for the child's time were highlighted. Partial Considerations: Through the participants’ narratives it was observed that pain is a negative sensory experience that brings consequences to their usual routine, besides causing feelings of discomfort, discouragement, and sadness. The participants reported different manifestations of pain and their perceptions of intensity. Thus, one can provide subsidies for the planning of nursing care based on the needs arising from the child itself, giving it the position of protagonist in the face of its suffering. Pain management by the nursing team must consider a multiplicity of aspects with a view to planning effective interventions for both hospital and home environments.