Análise do sobre o reconhecimento profissional na perspectiva de graduandos de enfermagem em tempos de Covid-19

Abstract

The object of this study is the social and professional recognition of nursing work from the perspective of undergraduate students. Objectives: to identify the perception of undergraduate students about the professional and social recognition of nursing in times of Covid-19; to analyze situations that enhance and/or deteriorate the professional and social recognition of nursing in times of Covid-19 and discuss strategies to strengthen the professional and social recognition of nursing in times of Covid-19. Qualitative, exploratory, and descriptive research, carried out with forty nursing students from a Higher Education Institution located in Rio de Janeiro. Data collection took place in May and June 2021, through a semi-structured interview. The data were processed using the software Interface de R pour les Analyses Multidimensionnelles de Textes et de Questionnaires (Iramuteq) using the Descending Hierarchical Classification (CHD) and the Word Cloud. Treatment via CHD resulted in five classes: Technical components that permeate nursing recognition; Political struggle to achieve recognition, Scientific and practical components that make up recognition; Power relations faced by nursing and Situations that can weaken and enhance the recognition of nursing. The word cloud pointed to the words 'people', 'not' and 'find' as the most evident. The results showed that the professional posture in presenting oneself as a nursing professional and having an assertive positioning, contribute to the visibility of the profession. It appears that mistakes made by some professionals, especially in the Covid-19 pandemic, are configured as a hindering factor in recognition. It was found that nursing needs to take ownership of care, which is inherent to its know-how, in addition to demonstrating the scientific nature of its practice. Some strategies to strengthen recognition were: training that develops autonomy and addresses the issue of recognition; explore and publicize the areas of nursing practice in the world of work; to show that the power relations between health professionals hinder the recognition of nursing. Furthermore, it was found that for the strengthening of recognition, the union of the professional collective contributes to the extent that it provides a sense of belonging and strengthens claims for labor rights. Moreover, the assertive leadership of nurses in the care process and the political participation of the category are important strategies for the recognition of nursing. Another result was that the undergraduates demonstrate a certain insecurity and estrangement in relation to the configuration of the world of health work. It is concluded that, in the scope of recognition, the working world imposes on the nursing worker several challenges arising from the precariousness of health work. It was considered that the professional posture contributes to the visibility of the profession. However, there are ways for the recognition of nursing to be achieved, for this there is the importance of training, political participation, and the union of the professional collective. In addition, care must be performed assertively, demonstrating the scientific nature of the profession.