Análise espaço-temporal dos eventos de inundação no município de Petrópolis (RJ).

Abstract

The first known records of flooding in Petrópolis date back to the 19th century. The history of these events reveals different economic, social, and environmental damages that have occurred in the municipality over time. The process of occupation of the Petropolitan territory, together with the aspects of the physical environment, a conjunction of factors has been created that are capable of making flooding episodes more intense and frequent, transforming them into disasters and catastrophes. Due to this problem, this dissertation addressed the spatial-temporal analysis of flood events in the municipality of Petrópolis between the years 2000 to 2021. Based on a survey of chronicles, historical records, journalistic articles and official data, the research aimed to inventory the occurrence of flood phenomena in the study area. In addition, it was sought to survey the establishments and houses affected by flood events through reports, narratives, and journalistic records. The processing and organization of the occurrences made it possible to generate graphic and cartographic products in detail. These results helped in the identification of the areas recurrent to overflows in the spatial selection, including the manifestation of floods at the street level and the identification of the buildings impacted by these phenomena. It was observed that areas with higher recurrence of overflows were recorded in the district of Petrópolis, such as Coronel Veiga, Washington Luís and Imperador streets. Through the grouped analysis of flood points (in a GIS environment) it was possible to verify the most critical stretches along extensive streets and with their multiplicity of occupations. Finally, we ponder the need for internal structuring of public management, with the construction of integrated, consolidated and easily accessible databases. The records inventoried here can be updated from the historical series already built, serving as a subsidy to researchers and authorities in the future.