A nação enquanto fonte de justificação moral: o caso do nacionalismo liberal

Abstract

This work intends to explore the philosophical bases of the so-called liberal nationalism and what the field's justifications are to show that the nation can be considered a source of legitimate moral justification. The first chapter focuses on debate’s ontological, epistemological, and normative foundations, considering how nationalism is present in the distinction between Hegelians and Kantians. The second chapter highlights the difference between the field and the communitarian strand, which is important for listing criticisms of the liberal approach that do not focus on denying it. In chapters three, four, and five, authors who are primordial to liberal nationalism are addressed: Will Kymlicka, David Miller, and Yael Tamir. The question is to demonstrate how liberal nationalism can be challenged by different interpretations in which multicultural, republican perspectives and those closer to individual autonomy are evident. Finally, it argues for the institutional consequences of the ideas of liberal nationalism, in which the relationship with the theme of integration is problematized, questioning the way in which the field deals with the obligations of subjects towards their national identity.