A política de assentamentos rurais no Estado do Rio de Janeiro: uma análise comparativa

Abstract

Over the last years, the agricultural question has represented one of the main political problems in Brazil. Recent happenings, linked to intense conflicts and demonstrations which resound all over Brazil, made the topic of the agricultural reform of high interest, producing new formulations and debates. The debate finds itself linked to the discussion about solutions to build a more fair and democratic society. This dissertation tries to analyse the participation of the State which acts as an important mediator and executor of public policies which try in one way to ease and reduce the tensions in brasilian field. In this way, the rural camps born after the intervention and the accord between the State and the main social actors envolved in the question of the struggle for the land. The existence, in the State of Rio de Janeiro, of a great deal of rural camps, recognized by the different government levels (State and Federal) justify the choice of the spacial division, besides the peculiarities that distinguish the State from the rest of the country, for being highly urbanized and metropolized. Understanding how the policy of agricultural adjustment is estabilished in the State of Rio de Janeiro turns out to be necessary, because the presence of the two governmental bodies (INCRA and ITERJ) makes the effective accomplishment of of the agricultural reform harder. Pursuing such an objective, a comparative analisys will be carried out between the “Assentamento Associação Mutirão da Conquista”, criated by the ITERJ and recognized later by the INCRA, sited in the province of Valença and the camps Manoel Congo and Vida Nova, which are located in the province of Barra do Piraí and find itself in the final phase of the regularization to became camps duly recognized by the INCRA´.