Desenvolvimento de um guia digital de cuidados posturais e estimulação do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor em domicílio para bebês e crianças com atraso do desenvolvimento neuropsicomotor e portadores de microcefalia pelo Zika Vírus

Abstract

Due to the scenario of importance, given by the significant increase in cases of microcephaly due to Zika virus infection in several regions of the country of 2015, the high rates of cesarean deliveries and prematurity resulted in an increased prevalence of children at high risk for impairment neuropsychomotor development (NPMD). Thus, it is of fundamental importance to intervene in the NPMD of infants and children as early as possible2,4,5. Studies show that high-risk children with microcephaly have a direct impact on the evolution of their motor development2,4,6. The increasing use of digital educational materials and the diffusion of web technologies open new possibilities in the process of teaching and learning for parents, caregivers and health professionals through interactions mediated by computers, tablets and cell phones. The internet is a means of a broad communication network, facilitating the circulation of the proposed contents for various regions of the country, reaching a greater number of readers, and can contribute to continuing education on a large scale. This study aims to develop educational material in the form of a digital guide to be made available in the virtual environment to assist physiotherapists, pediatric health professionals, parents and/or caregivers of high-risk babies and children and those with microcephaly due the Zika virus, from zero to three years old, guiding early stimulation for neuropsychomotor development and postural care at home based on the opinion of the target audience. The study was divided into two moments, the first one was a descriptive exploratory quantitative study and the second one was a descriptive analytical qualitative study. To achieve these goals, workshops were held in the waiting room with the presentation of the pilot project, conversation circles and filling out of a questionnaire with records and analysis of the participants’ opinions about the instrument. 80 parents and/or caregivers and 22 professionals participated in the workshops, with a total of 102, where 67.5% of the caregivers answered that the text and figures of the pilot project are easy to understand, while 32.5% did not answer the questionnaire. Among the professionals, 81.81% answered that the text and figures presented are easy to understand, approving the pilot instrument. The results obtained in this study through the research of participants’ opinions and contributions demonstrated the acceptance of the pilot project and the importance of developing a tool that will make it possible to promote the reduction of the impacts of delays in the development of motor milestones in children with microcephaly and at risk for delay in neuropsychomotor development.