Artes visuais no ensino fundamental: a obra de Athos Bulcão como processo criativo

Abstract

The research contributes with methodological proposals for the teaching of Art (in formal and non-formal spaces) in Basic Education. The main objective is to research artistic creation activities for Elementary School students so that Art at school contributes to the dynamization of curricular programs. With the study about the recurrence of artisticpedagogical activities in textbooks, we propose to expand methodological strategies from the work of the Brazilian visual artist Athos Bulcão (Rio de Janeiro, 1918 - Brasília, 2008). We have seen that there is little recurrence of students' authorial projects in the school teaching of Arts, which leads us to question how it is possible to stimulate aesthetic creativity in Basic Education Arts classes with the research of artistic works and the creative process of Athos Bulcão? Over the last few school years, in a public school in the city of Rio de Janeiro, the creative process has been recurrent in Arts classes through the artistic expressions and materialities also used by Bulcão. The bibliographic and iconographic collections available (online) at the Athos Bulcão Foundation added to the research for the knowledge both of his works and of the artist's vast creative process in the different artistic expressions of his production. As bibliographic contributions, we turn to authors such as Antunes (2010) and Ostrower (2009) who expand the concept of creativity and point out how much the creative process should be stimulated in school-age children; in addition to Piaget (2012) and Vigotsky (2007) who discuss children's characteristics; Salles (2011), Barbosa (2005), Ferraz and Fusari (1993), among others, who address questions about the usual methodological skills and competences in the classroom. The official documents that relate to the teaching of art in Elementary School in the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro (RIO DE JANEIRO, 2020) in parallel with the National Common Curricular Base/BNCC (BRASIL, 2018) were added to the elaboration of the Educational Product Notebook of Activities “ Creativity is the Limit” which lists (eleven) Artistic Propositions and (two) artistic-pedagogical Games as inter, trans and multidisciplinary material for pedagogical support in the area of Art (and other related areas) of Basic Education, continuing education courses and teacher training at secondary level and in undergraduate courses.