As condições do trabalho docente na educação pública municipal em Duque de Caxias

Abstract

The conditions of teaching work, in the municipal public education of Duque de Caxias, are historically precarious and started to be intensified from the year 2015 with the worsening of the governmental negligence in the maintenance of education and the deepening of the exploitation of the working class. In view of this, the present work is guided by the following question: how has the deepening of the exploitation of the working class manifested itself in the conditions of teaching work in Duque de Caxias? The general objective is to survey the conditions of teaching work in the municipal public education network of Duque de Caxias, from 2015 to 2019, respectively, the year in which the dismantling of the teaching career plan in that municipality begins. For this, the following specific objectives are outlined:contextualize the structure and situation that permeate educational policy in Brazil; understand how education funding appears in education research, with a focus on teacher appreciation and working conditions; and to know the conditions of teaching work in the municipal public education network of Duque de Caxias between the years 2015 to 2019. Historical materialism was resorted to, seeking to capture the movements of the reality of teaching work conditions, the relationship between appearance and essence elements of that reality, as well as its historical development. The research sources included illustrations, academic publications, official documents such as official bulletins of the municipality of Duque de Caxias, Education Plans, among others; as well as non-official documents, for example, the demands of the category of education professionals, the legislation pertinent to the organization of education in Brazil and the consultation with teachers who work in the municipal public network of Duque de Caxias through a printed questionnaire. The theoretical framework is based on Davies (2010; 2014; 2018) and Davies; Alcântara (2020) to understand the issue of education funding in Brazil, in Fernandes (1981) to analyze Brazilian society, in Alves (2003), Souza (2014) and Braz; De Almeida (2010) to describe the situation of the municipal education network in Duque de Caxias. The analysis is also based on the understanding of a prevailing capitalist order of the imperialist world organization and the conception of the State as a means of asserting the domination of the ruling class over the working class according to Marx (2017) and Engels (2019). The worsening of teaching work conditions in the municipal public network of Duque de Caxias is related to the intensification of the deepening of exploitation of the working class, insofar as it is the commitment of the ruling class to guarantee the accumulation of capital that is manifested by through governmental actions subservient to its dictates. In this sense, it considers that the teaching issue in the city is moving in the opposite direction to the valuation of teachers announced by educational policy in Brazil.