Prevalência de Doença Renal Crônica e fatores associados em afrodescendentes remanescentes de Quilombo, Alcântara (MA)

Abstract

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a serious public health problem in the world, whose prevalence in the Brazilian population, specifically in Afro-descendant, is ignored. The present study aimed to investigate the prevalence of CKD in In the Afro-descendant communities (known as Quilombos) in the municipality of Alcântara, Maranhão. A complete epidemiological, clinical and laboratory evaluation were performed in all sample. The glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was estimated using the following formulas: CKD-EPI creatinine, CKD-EPI cystatin C, CKD-EPI creatinine-cystatin and MDRD, being considered reduced when less than 60ml / min / 1.73sqm; and quantification of albuminuria was performed by isolated urine sample, both repeated after three months. The sample included 1.447 Afro-descendants, of which 1.285 (88.80%) declared themselves black. The mean age was 44.4 (± 17.34) years, with a predominance of females (50.5%). A total of 91 (6.29%) individuals with Diabetes Mellitus(DM), 427 (29.51%) with hypertension, 159 (10.98%) smokers and 653 (41.1%) with overweight or obesity were identified. The prevalence of CKD ranged from 6.77% (MDRD) to 8.64% (CKD-EPIcys). The risk factors associated with CKD were Age, Systemic Arterial Hypertension and DM. In 62 cases (44.28%) the CKD was diagnosed only by the presence of albuminuria without decline in GFR. Conclusion: The study presented the prevalence of CKD in isolated Afro-descendent communities. The prevalence is lower than that reported in the general population in the country. Within the current formulas, CKD-EPIcysc was the most sensitive to identify renal disease in this ethnic group. Also, the efficacy of albuminuria in the screening of CKD was ratified