A representação social da morte e do morrer para graduandos de enfermagem

Abstract

The object of this research deals with the social representation of death and dying for undergraduate nursing students who take their courses at public universities in the city of Rio de Janeiro. As a guiding question: What are the social representations of death and dying for nursing students in their final year of graduation? As a general objective, it was intended to analyze the social representation of death and dying for nursing students. Exploratory-descriptive study based on Theory of Social Representations, developed in two public universities in the state of Rio de Janeiro, with students from the last year of the undergraduate nursing course in three distinct stages: First: Characterization of 149 participants, collection of free evocations and Duke University Religiosity Scale. For analysis, we used simple statistics and the technique of construction of the Four Houses Chart, instrumentalized by the software Ensemble of program espermettant L’analyse DES evocations and Similitude Analysis. Second: Tests to verify centrality: Mise-en-Cause and Choix par Blocs and, for each instrument, a different statistical analysis was performed. Third: Semi-structured individual in-depth interview with 30 students participating in the first two stages of the study. The data were analyzed using the Iramuteq software. Regarding the structure of the Representation, it is highlighted that the likely Central Nucleus for the term inducer death was: end, sad and pain, for the term to die: end, sad and fear, which indicate a dimension related to affective, normative and practical. From the similitude analysis it was possible to perceive the tendency towards the centrality of the sad lexicon. It organizes representation and has a strong connection with the term fim. In the analysis carried out by Iramuteq, five classes were defined along two different axes: Axis 1: Social, cultural and religious aspects of death and dying, and their relationship with the care of patients and their families; Axis 2: Academic and professional practices and social and affective memories in relation to death and dying. It is concluded that the social representation of death and dying for nursing students has, in its structure and organization, the interaction sustained by a connection to the feelings considered negative, which interferes in their actions and influences their praxis. The importance of training for the provision of humanized care, meeting the demand of the individual and his family during the process of death and dying and respecting the uniqueness of the future professional, in the quest for improving his health practice.