Avaliação de desempenho da gestão dos resíduos sólidos de navios de cruzeiro: estudo de caso Porto do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

The objective of this Thesis was to study the management of solid waste unloaded from cruise ships at the Port of Rio de Janeiro in the seasons from 2010 to 2019, both in terms of legal requirements and in the port-city relationship. For this purpose, the A3 methodological model was used, through the construction of the Performance Assessment Plan. As a result, the participation of the three actors directly involved in the operation of solid waste removal from cruise ships was possible: the maritime agencies, which demand the waste removal service; the public bodies, which authorize the service; and, the transport company, which transports the waste to its destination, whether to a management company, a recycler or a landfill. It was also possible to verify the bureaucratic stalemate, with the most severe impacts of the cost of services provided and interference in the dynamics of the management process, caused by political appointments to positions in relevant posts for the execution, adequacy or elaboration of legislation pertinent to the subject. These conclusions were based on the observation that, while the agencies and the transport company are limited to complying with the legal requirements regarding the authorization to carry out the solid waste removal service, there is no synergy between public bodies at both the operational procedures regarding inspection. This lack of cohesion prevents, for example, the establishment of an efficient route for the management of waste unloaded from cruise ships, because the information contained in the shipping manifests is not sufficient to fulfill this purpose. In addition, the system used for the generation of transport manifests belongs to INEA, which makes it difficult, in practice, to identify and quantify waste, since it is a closed system designed for the city, which does not allow any adaptation . The direct implication could be observed in the survey of transport manifests, since, in the period studied, 648 manifests were identified through the protocol book opening the authorization process for the withdrawal operation. Of this total, 2% were disregarded because the information was inaccurate, preventing the identification or quantification of waste. 42% were not physically located in the files of Companhia Docas do Rio de Janeiro (CDRJ). That said, the study focused on 56% of the manifests found and considered valid for allowing the correct identification of the typology and quantification of waste. But, due to the heavy bureaucracy, which ends up making the service more expensive, these data showed that only 6% of the ships berthed at the Port of Rio de Janeiro discharged solid waste. Thus, it is urgent and necessary to review the bureaucratic process of waste management