Fatores oclusais e comportamentais influenciam no desenvolvimento das lesões cervicais não cariosas: respostas de um acompanhamento clínico de 25 anos

Abstract

The purpose of this clinical study was to examine, non-carious cervical lesions progression (NCCL), already existing in a group of patients, and establish the incidence of new NCCL, in a 24,78±0,59-year follow-up, relating their possible risk factors, including occlusal factors. The study consisted of 3 stages: in 1996, the second in 1999 and third phase of the study, in 2021. Participants answered the questionnaires, and their respective old and current casts were scanned, to establish digital comparisons between LCNCs and occlusal wear. At the end, 33 individuals were evaluated. Thirty patients had at least one NCCL and 31 had at least one wear facet after 24.78 years. The incidence of NCCLs was 7 new individuals compared to 1999. The progression of NCCLs showed medians of: 0.0% in 1996, 7.1% in 1999, and 35.7% in 2021 (p<0.05) . Occlusal wear in 1996 is associated with 5.02 times more chances of having LCNCs in 2021; occlusal wear in 1999 is associated with 4.73 times more chances of presenting NCCLs in 2021; and occlusal wear in 2021 is associated with 1.94 times more chances of having LCNCs in 2021 (p<0.001). Meanwhile, occlusal interference in excursive movement is associated with a 3.55 times greater chance of presenting NCCL in 2021 (p<0.001). In addition, the risk factors, which were statistically significant, were ingestion of acidic food (p=0.043) and ingestion of alcoholic beverages (p=0.021). It can be concluded that risk factors and occlusal factors were correlated with the presence of LCNCs after the evaluation period.