Os impactos da pandemia da covid 19 para os pescadores artesanais de Araçatiba e Itapuca, em Barra de Guaratiba, município do Rio de Janeiro

Abstract

This research analyzed the vulnerability of artisanal fishermen in Barra de Guaratiba, in the face of the SARS CoV-2 Pandemic. The overall objective was to understand the impacts of Covid-19 on the population of fishermen in Itapuca and Araçatiba, in Barra de Guaratiba, in terms of vulnerability. As specific objectives, he pointed out to analyze the vulnerability of fishermen in the historical trajectory and in the health crisis of Covid-19; as well as identifying adaptive measures in the face of the health crisis and emergency public policies to mitigate impacts. The results pointed to socioeconomic impacts as the main ones in relation to the first phase of the Covid-19 pandemic. Regarding emergency public policies, the results showed that it was insufficient to meet the needs of artisanal fishermen and fishermen, requiring the distribution of basic food baskets. The results showed that some fishing professionals did not receive emergency assistance due to the lack of personal documents or because they were already receiving the closed insurance. Another result was the increase in the number of unemployed people in the Pandemic, as a result of which many people went to earn income from artisanal fishing. The spatial area is located in the west zone of the Municipality of Rio de Janeiro, which hosts the Guaratiba Biological Reserve (RBG), a Conservation Unit that protects an important mangrove remnant in the city. The time frame covered the years 2020, 2021 and 2022. This qualitative research consisted of the following steps: a) bibliographical review; b) identification of the indicators evaluated with data collection from Official Institutions; and c) data collection in field research, using a questionnaire and open and semi-structured surveys. Regarding the indicators for the questions, they were related to the impacts of the Covid-19 Pandemic, such as: disease onset, influence on fishing activities, number of professionals with emergency assistance and use of adaptive measures. Despite the negative impacts of this health crisis, it was observed that the vulnerability of the population of artisanal fishermen and fisherwomen in Barra de Guaratiba is a historical fact, with the pandemic being an important aggravating factor. The main findings that the research found were: the characteristics of the population of fishermen and artisanal fishermen in Barra de Guaratiba and the effects of the Covid-19 Pandemic on their lives and work activities